Archive

1. Indo-Pacific Strategic Shift

The Indo-Pacific framework combines the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean into one strategic space. It has strengthened India’s maritime role alongside its traditional continental focus.

2. Earlier Hub-and-Spoke Model

Earlier regional security was based mainly on bilateral United States alliances with Japan, South Korea and Australia.

1. India–United States ties during Trump 2.0’s first year remained fragile and were sustained more by institutional resilience built over three decades than by fresh political momentum after the Modi–Trump meeting on 13 February 2025.

2. A key source of friction was the imposition of United States tariffs, reportedly reaching up to 50% on several Indian exports, linked to India’s continued import of Russian oil along with wider bilateral trade disputes.