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1) Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth for Financial Year (FY) 2025-26 is estimated at 7.6%, above 7.1% in FY 2024-25, showing stronger expansion under new 2022-23 base series.

2) Nominal GDP at current prices is projected to grow 8.6% in FY 2025-26, capturing both real output rise and price changes together for policymaking.

1. India’s AI push is linked to building indigenous systems trained on Indian languages, local datasets, and governance contexts, so public services and citizen engagement remain relevant and reliable.

2. Sarvam AI (Artificial Intelligence) is positioned as an India-built, end-to-end platform where development, deployment, and governance occur domestically, aiming to reduce dependence on foreign AI infrastructure.

1. India generates about 350 million tonnes of agricultural waste annually, including crop residues, husk, straw, and food-processing by-products, creating serious air, soil, and water contamination risks when mismanaged.

2. MNRE estimates agricultural residues could generate over 18,000 MW of power annually, alongside producing nutrient-rich organic fertilisers that improve soil health and significantly reduce dependence on chemical inputs.

1. FY 2026–27 defence allocation is ₹7.85 lakh crore, highest among ministries; 15.19% higher than FY 2025–26 BE, forming 14.67% of total expenditure, and prioritises modernisation, self-reliance, veterans’ welfare.

2. Defence budget rose from ₹2.53 lakh crore in 2013–14 to ₹7.85 lakh crore in 2026–27, adding about ₹5.32 lakh crore, roughly tripling in thirteen years, nominal rupee terms.

1. From 2015 to 2025, every year ranked among the eleven warmest in a 176-year record; 2023, 2024, and 2025 were the three warmest years observed globally on record.

2. January to August 2025 mean near-surface temperature reached 1.42°C above the pre-industrial average, sustaining exceptional warmth and reinforcing the decade’s persistent global temperature anomaly across multiple observations worldwide.

1. Delhi–NCR’s winter pollution remains extreme; on 28 December 2025, Delhi recorded “hazardous” air with AQI 530, highlighting repeated seasonal spikes and worsening multi-year deterioration trends.

2. Short-term controls have included GRAP (Graded Response Action Plan) and routine mist-spray systems on central road verges to suppress dust, yet overall ambient air quality has not improved to acceptable levels.

1. Indian Armed Forces safeguard sovereignty yet also act as first responders, delivering humanitarian, medical, and disaster relief, augmenting civilian capacities during major emergencies across India and partner countries.

2. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was a watershed for India’s HADR, requiring tri-services coordination; Army, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard mobilised manpower, equipment, and logistics across land, sea, and air.

1. Union Budget 2026–27 places textiles at the centre of growth, prioritising jobs, exports, rural livelihoods, and sustainable manufacturing, with integrated policy focus from fibre production to fashion markets.

2. India’s fibre strengths include largest cotton acreage, largest jute output, second-largest silk and cotton production, major MMF hub, and second-largest polyester and viscose fibre production worldwide among nations.

1. In 1974, Bangladesh and Pakistan established diplomatic relations under Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, despite discomfort among liberation supporters and war survivors, prioritising state interests, recognition, and stability.
2. From 1974 through 2025, relations persisted despite political upheavals; the Awami League governed roughly two decades, yet ties were never severed, indicating institutional continuity in Dhaka.

1. Climate action is described as increasingly linking conservation, technology, and diplomacy into a holistic governance approach, reducing fragmented planning and improving coherence across sectors and landscapes.

2. Biodiversity protection is treated as a climate instrument, aligning habitat security with mitigation, adaptation, and long-term resilience, supported by statutory protections for continuity beyond political cycles.