Green Hydrogen Mission: Targets, Certification, Infrastructure, and Strategic Interventions
Key Takeaways
India targets 5 MMT of Green Hydrogen production annually by 2030.
A port-based Green Hydrogen pilot has been commissioned at V.O. Chidambaranar Port, and Deendayal Port Authority, Kandla has commissioned a megawatt-scale, indigenous Green Hydrogen Facility
Hydrogen mobility pilots launched across 10 routes, involving 37 fuel cell and hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles.
The Mission is expected to attract over ₹8 lakh crore in investments and reduce fossil fuel imports by more than ₹1 lakh crore.
1. India aims to produce 5 million metric tonnes of green hydrogen annually by 2030, strengthening energy security, supporting industrial growth, and decarbonising hard-to-abate sectors nationwide.
2. Green hydrogen is produced through electrolysis powered by renewable electricity; it qualifies when lifecycle emissions remain within 2 kg CO2-equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen produced.
3. A national green hydrogen programme launched in 2023 with an initial outlay of ₹19,744 crore through 2029–30, covering incentives, pilots, research, and ecosystem development.
4. By 2030, around 125 GW of new renewable capacity is planned to support hydrogen, with investment exceeding ₹8 lakh crore and an estimated 6 lakh jobs.
5. The programme targets reducing fossil fuel imports by over ₹1 lakh crore and avoiding nearly 50 million tonnes of greenhouse emissions annually by 2030.
6. As of May 2025, nineteen companies received allocations totalling 862,000 tonnes per year of hydrogen capacity, while fifteen firms secured 3,000 MW electrolyser manufacturing capacity.
7. Strategic interventions provide financial incentives up to 2029–30, with ₹17,490 crore to scale domestic electrolyser manufacturing and accelerate deployment nationwide.
8. Three ports—Deendayal, V.O. Chidambaranar, and Paradip—were identified as hydrogen hubs to integrate production, consumption, logistics, and future export pathways.
9. A certification scheme launched in April 2025 verifies lifecycle emissions and renewable sourcing; a final certificate is required for subsidised or domestically sold hydrogen.
10. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency serves as nodal authority, accrediting agencies to monitor and certify projects, improving transparency, traceability, and market credibility.
11. A strategic innovation partnership promotes government–industry–academia collaboration through consortia across the value chain, leveraging national research and engineering institutions.
12. A ₹400 crore R&D scheme supports 23 projects on production, storage, safety, and end-use applications; a ₹100 crore call supports startups up to ₹5 crore.
13. In fertilisers, green ammonia can replace fossil-based feedstock; a long-term supply auction aggregated 7.24 lakh tonnes per year at ₹55.75 per kg delivered domestically.
14. Five road-transport pilots deploy 37 hydrogen vehicles and nine refuelling stations across ten routes, including fuel-cell buses and hydrogen internal combustion trucks.
15. Port pilots include a 10 Nm3 per hour plant for lighting and charging, along with green methanol bunkering to support a Kandla–Tuticorin coastal corridor.
MCQ:
1. With reference to green hydrogen, consider the following statements:
1. It is produced using electrolysis powered by renewable electricity.
2. Its “green” status may depend on lifecycle emissions per kilogram of hydrogen.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
2. Consider the following:
1. Annual green hydrogen production target
2. Year by which the target is to be achieved
The correct pairing is:
a) 5 million metric tonnes — 2027
b) 5 million metric tonnes — 2030
c) 50 million metric tonnes — 2030
d) 5 million metric tonnes — 2040
3. With reference to a national programme on green hydrogen, consider the following statements:
1. It includes support for incentives, pilots, and research activities.
2. Its implementation horizon extends beyond 2040.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
4. Consider the following statements about lifecycle emissions threshold used for certification:
1. The threshold is expressed as kg CO2-equivalent per kg of hydrogen.
2. The threshold value mentioned is 2 kg CO2-equivalent per kg hydrogen.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
5. Which of the following is the most direct policy purpose of a certification scheme for green hydrogen?
a) Fixing consumer retail prices for hydrogen
b) Establishing traceability of renewable sourcing and lifecycle emissions
c) Mandating export quotas for hydrogen producers
d) Replacing all safety standards with a single guideline
6. Consider the following pairs:
1. Nodal authority role — Accrediting agencies for monitoring and certification
2. Operational focus — Increasing transparency and market credibility
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
7. With reference to manufacturing support under a strategic intervention, consider the following statements:
1. It aims to expand domestic electrolyser manufacturing capacity.
2. It provides financial incentives up to 2029–30.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
8. Consider the following:
1. Allocations for annual green hydrogen production capacity
2. Allocation for electrolyser manufacturing capacity
Which of the following best matches the quantities mentioned?
a) 862,000 tonnes per year; 3,000 MW
b) 3,000 tonnes per year; 862,000 MW
c) 862,000 MW; 3,000 tonnes per year
d) 8,620,000 tonnes per year; 300 MW
9. Which of the following sets of locations was recognised as green hydrogen hubs among ports?
a) Kandla, Mumbai, Chennai
b) Deendayal, V.O. Chidambaranar, Paradip
c) Visakhapatnam, Kochi, Kolkata
d) JNPT, Mormugao, Haldia
10. Consider the following statements about renewable capacity addition linked with hydrogen scaling:
1. The plan indicates addition of about 125 GW of new renewable capacity.
2. The intent is to support hydrogen production requirements.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
11. With reference to expected macro-outcomes of a green hydrogen initiative, consider the following:
1. Reduction in fossil fuel import bill exceeding ₹1 lakh crore
2. Avoidance of nearly 50 million tonnes of greenhouse emissions annually
3. Creation of about 6 lakh jobs
Which of the above are mentioned as targets/outcomes?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
12. Consider the following statements about a research and innovation approach:
1. It promotes collaboration between government, industry, and academia.
2. It leverages institutional capabilities across the value chain.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
13. Consider the following statements about R&D and startup support:
1. A dedicated R&D scheme supports multiple projects on production, storage, safety, and applications.
2. A separate call supports startups with funding up to ₹5 crore.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
14. With reference to the use of hydrogen derivatives in fertilisers, consider the following statements:
1. Green ammonia can substitute fossil-based feedstock in fertiliser production.
2. A long-term supply mechanism aggregated 7.24 lakh tonnes per year at ₹55.75 per kg delivered.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
15. Consider the following statements about pilot deployments:
1. Road pilots include hydrogen vehicles and refuelling stations across multiple routes.
2. Port pilots include a small hydrogen plant for lighting/charging and green methanol bunkering for a coastal corridor.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
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