India–Jordan Relations: Key Developments and Areas of Cooperation

India–Jordan Relations: Key Developments and Areas of Cooperation

 

 

Key Takeaways

• PM Narendra Modi visited Jordan on December 15-16, 2025, his first full-fledged visit to the country.
• Five MoUs were signed in the areas of renewable energy, water resource management, cultural exchange, digital solution and twinning between Petra and Ellora
• This year is the 75^th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
• India is Jordan’s third largest trading partner. The two countries aim to enhance bilateral trade to US$ 5 billion over the next 5 years.
• Jordan is a leading supplier of phosphates and potash fertilizers for India.
• Around 17,500 Indian nationals currently live in Jordan, mostly working in textiles, construction, manufacturing, healthcare etc.

 

 

1. The Prime Minister visited Jordan on 15–16 December 2025, marking his first full-fledged bilateral visit and holding detailed discussions with King Abdullah II.

2. The visit coincided with the seventy-fifth anniversary of diplomatic relations, highlighting the long-standing partnership formally established between India and Jordan in 1950.

3. Five memoranda of understanding were signed covering renewable energy, water resource management, cultural exchange, digital solutions, and twinning of Petra with Ellora.

4. India is Jordan’s third largest trading partner, with both sides proposing to enhance bilateral trade to five billion US dollars within five years.

5. Jordan serves as a leading supplier of phosphates and potash fertilizers to India, supporting agricultural and fertilizer security through sustained commercial cooperation.

6. Around seventeen thousand five hundred Indian nationals currently reside in Jordan, employed across textiles, construction, manufacturing, healthcare, education, and information technology sectors.

7. High-level political engagement includes regular leadership interactions, foreign office consultations, and structured dialogue mechanisms sustaining momentum in bilateral relations.

8. Trade and economic cooperation is anchored by institutional frameworks such as the Trade and Economic Joint Committee established under the 1976 Trade Agreement.

9. Joint ventures like the Jordan India Fertiliser Company produce phosphoric acid for Indian markets, reflecting deep integration in fertilizer supply chains.

10. Defence cooperation is guided by a memorandum signed in 2018, complemented by exchanges between armed forces and participation in joint defence-related events.

11. The India–Jordan Center of Excellence in Information Technology was inaugurated in 2021 to build advanced digital and software skills among Jordanian professionals.

12. Educational cooperation includes training programmes, scholarships, and technical courses, with thousands of Jordanians having graduated from Indian higher education institutions.

13. Cultural relations remain vibrant through regular exchanges in music, dance, cinema, yoga events, and participation in major cultural festivals in Jordan.

14. During the visit, leaders discussed cooperation in digital infrastructure, renewable energy, agriculture, innovation, health, tourism, and people-to-people linkages.

15. Both sides reaffirmed strong commitment against terrorism, shared regional security concerns, and emphasized peace, stability, and strategic alignment in West Asia.

 

MCQ:

 

1. The Prime Minister’s visit to Jordan mentioned in the text took place on:
A. 10–11 December 2025
B. 15–16 December 2025
C. 16–17 December 2025
D. 18–19 December 20252. The bilateral discussions during the visit were held with:
A. President of Jordan
B. King Abdullah II
C. Prime Minister of Jordan only
D. Speaker of the Jordanian Parliament3. The visit is described as the Prime Minister’s:
A. Second official state visit to Jordan
B. First full-fledged bilateral visit to Jordan
C. First visit to West Asia
D. First transit visit to Jordan

4. The year 2025 marked the:
A. 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations
B. 60th anniversary of diplomatic relations
C. 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations
D. 80th anniversary of diplomatic relations

5. Diplomatic relations between the two countries are stated to be established in:
A. 1947
B. 1950
C. 1960
D. 1976

6. How many MoUs were signed during the visit, as stated in the text?
A. Three
B. Five
C. Seven
D. Ten

7. Which of the following areas was covered by the signed outcomes?
A. Nuclear power cooperation
B. Water resource management
C. Space launch partnership
D. Fisheries agreement

8. The twinning initiative mentioned was between:
A. Petra and Ajanta
B. Petra and Ellora
C. Jerash and Hampi
D. Aqaba and Konark

9. India is described as Jordan’s:
A. Largest trading partner
B. Second largest trading partner
C. Third largest trading partner
D. Fourth largest trading partner

10. The proposed bilateral trade target over the next five years was:
A. US$ 2 billion
B. US$ 3 billion
C. US$ 5 billion
D. US$ 10 billion

11. Jordan is highlighted as a leading supplier to India of:
A. Rare earth minerals
B. Phosphates and potash fertilizers
C. Crude oil and LNG
D. Copper and zinc

12. Approximately how many Indian nationals are stated to live in Jordan?
A. Around 7,500
B. Around 12,500
C. Around 17,500
D. Around 27,500

13. The Trade and Economic Joint Committee (TEJC) is noted as being set up under the:
A. 1950 Diplomatic Agreement
B. 1960 Friendship Treaty
C. 1976 Trade Agreement
D. 2009 Tourism Agreement

14. The India–Jordan Center of Excellence in Information Technology (IJCOEIT) was inaugurated in:
A. 2018
B. 2020
C. 2021
D. 2023

15. Which one of the following was explicitly reaffirmed by both sides during the visit?
A. Support for a single regional military bloc
B. Commitment against terrorism in all forms
C. Adoption of a common currency mechanism
D. A bilateral customs union arrangement